MICROCONTROLLER BASED OBSTRUCTION DETECTION ROBOT

Abstract

This robot always tries to avoid obstructions in front of it. It automatically sense at how much is the obstruction. According to the distance calculated it directs the actuators to move in appropriate direction. The robot continuously emits infrared rays. It reflect back when it strikes on obstruction. The reflected IR beam is received by the IR receiver. According to the intensity of IR received the distance is calculated. If this is above a threshold value, then microcontroller sense this and directs the motors accordingly. There by it avoids the obstruction in front of it. The microcontroller used is atmega16a. It is 40 pin IC and require 5V. It has four I/O ports and 8 ADC channels. This ADC converts the analogue value to digital. The motor is controlled by L293D motor driver. It has ability to control two motors simultaneously. It requires 5V and 12V for controlling motors. Application of this robot varies from robotics to games. These types of robots are also used in defense systems to track and detect explosives and also to diffuse them.